Mitt Romney Shifts on Abortion

Republican President aspirant Hand Romney is facing fire over the swing in his base on abortion. Abortion is the topic of much argument in the U.S. Political sentiments regarding acceptance are divided with the Republican right being largely pro-life and the Democratic left tending to be pro-choice.

Earlier, in 1994, Romney was publicly pro-choice, declaring support for a "woman's right to choose." What's more he continued to keep this base up to 2002. In 2002, Romney expressed his pro-choice stand in his responses to a Planned Parenthood questionnaire. To the question, "Do you back up the matter of the Supreme Court determination in Roe v. Wade?" Romney answered, yes. On the question, state support of abortion for low-income women Romney answered yes. In answer to the inquiry about whether he supported women's entree to exigency contraceptive method (the "morning after pill" designed to forestall gestation if taken within 72 hours), Romney again answered in the positive.

He similarly answered a questionnaire of the National Abortion Rights Action League, or NARAL (now called NARAL Pro-Choice America), and issued a statement, saying, "I esteem and will protect a woman's right to choose. This pick is a deeply personal one. Women should be free to take based on their ain beliefs, not mine and not the government's. The truth is no campaigner in the governor's race in either political party would deny women abortion rights. So let's halt an statement that makes not be and stop these misanthropic and dissentious onslaughts that are made only for political gain."

During the Bay State Republican Party convention in 2002, Romney said, "Believing in people is protecting their freedom to do their ain life choices, even if their pick is different from yours," Romney said. "Accordingly, I esteem and will fully protect a woman's right to choose. That right is a deeply personal one, and the women of our state should do it based on their beliefs, not mine and not the government's." Romney also got the blurb of the Republican Majority for Choice.

Gradually however, Romney began to backtrack on his pro-choice stand. He said he was "personally" pro-life, but, asserted that his personal position would not impact the laws relating to abortion. However, when Democrat Claude Shannon O'Brien criticized Romney, referring to him as "multiple choice", Romney retorted, "Let me do this very clear: I will continue and protect a woman's right to choose." In February 2005, as governor of Massachusetts, Romney claimed that a meeting with a man of science from the Harvard University Root Cell Institute had the consequence of changing his positions on abortion. Henceforth Romney declared himself unequivocally pro-life.

However, many believe Romney's displacement in stance regarding abortion was portion of a adroit political strategy. Romney's pro-choice stand was necessary to win as governor from Massachusetts. And it served its purpose. However, now that he trusts to be nominated for president by his party, the GOP, he have simply dropped his pro-choice credentials. It is as simple as that.

Cultural And Historical Tourism

Cultural touristry is a sort of tourism, which is concerned in the civilization of a part or country, particularly in the arts. It basically focuses on the traditional communities that have got diverse customs duty as well as the word forms of fine art and the distinct societal patterns that separate a certain civilization from the others.

It would include touristry in the urban countries and even the historical and big cities, including installations like theatres and museums. It also includes this in the rural areas, which show window the traditions of the indigenous cultural communities like festivals and rituals, as well as their personal values and lifestyle. Generally, these tourers pass more than than then the criterion tourers do, since they usually have got got a programme that would have them traveling to the cultural and historical sites, as well as life with the households for a certain clip period of time and even some linguistic communication training. This sort of is actually becoming more than popular in Europe.

Another closely related sort is cultural heritage tourism, which is a subdivision that is oriented towards apprehension the heritage of a specific country or region. This is indispensable because of different reasons. It makes a positive impact economically and socially. It assists in the constitution and support of identity. It also assists to continue a state or region's cultural heritage, since this is an instrument, which facilitates apprehension and harmoniousness among people. It is able to back up the development of civilization and can assist in the renewal of tourism.

A Look at Heroines in Epic Fantasy

In the early years of epic poem phantasy women were often characterized as demoiselles in hurt and nil more than window dressing for hard roes to rescue. This didn't last long as a host of authors created memorable female fictional characters that were skilled blades women, capable human race conquerers, and adventurers in their ain right - yet still alluring. This article presents you to some of the best heroines that have got appeared in epic poem phantasy over the past respective decades.

The presence of epic women have been felt all throughout the history of phantasy literature and this tin be easily displayed in the narratives of the Arabian Knights where Sheherezade utilizes her sensualness and her humors to survive. This word picture of the adult female as witty, wily, and animal was pretty much the norm, and it was the stereotype for the first thousand old age of phantasy literature.

But women took on a new, and more than powerful, function in epic poem phantasy in 1934 with the creative activity of the Red Sonya of Rogatino fictional character in the Henry Martin Robert E. Leslie Howard short narrative The Shadow of the Vulture. In this narrative Red Sonya was a swaggering heroine who was capable with both the handgun and the sword. (Howard is also the Godhead of the celebrated Conan character).

This Red Sonya fictional fictional character was inspiration for the 1974 creation, and now famous, Red Sonja who fulfills two very of import originals in traditional epic poem fantasy. The first original is that of the ferocious yet savagely beautiful warrior who often modern times have on nil more than some sort of a metallic element bikini. It's an overused, yet wildly successful stereotype. The 2nd original she fulfills is one that is used very often in the development of the typical hero in epic poem fantasy. That is the original of the immature male child who witnessers the violent death of his household and the devastation of his small town then turns up to go a powerful warrior that exacts retaliation on the pillagers. This is a very familiar original and it have been done many modern times with male fictional characters and Red Sonya is the first adult female to take on the function successfully.

In the 1980's the genre of adult female as supporter and heroine was taken to new high with the publication of the first book in the Swords and Sorceress series edited by Marion Walker Bradley. This anthology was created to offer options to the typical stereotyped functions of women in phantasy and it have go a military unit that remains to this day. The series of anthologies is currently 22 volumes and the most recent volume was just published this twelvemonth (2007).

Bradley herself, aside from the Swords and Sorceress anthologies did much to advance the mental image of adult female as heroine in her ain novels and one of the best illustrations of this tin be establish in her Mists of Avalon books. The first book, which was published in 1979, was a re-telling of the Arthurian Legends from the position of the women involved in the fable of the unit of ammunition table. These books are often credited by many now successful women as being inspiration for them to prosecute a calling in phantasy writing.

Some other writers who have got had enormous success in a similar manner to Thomas Bradley are Maya Lin Carter, Mercedes Lackey, and Anne McCaffrey. Each have created all across-the-board phantasy human races complete with strong epic women characters.

Every original that was previously the sphere of work force have now been explored with female supporters and one of the most powerful of these originals is the approaching of age story. It is a very familiar narrative and usually follow a immature male child as he turns painfully into manhood and follows a fate that is loosely laid out before him. This original have now been fully explored from a woman's position and one of the best illustrations of this is establish in Ursula K. LeGuin's The Tombs of Atuan which is a approaching of age telling of the chief fictional character Tenar. The Tombs of Atuan is the 2nd novel in LeGuin's Earthsea Cycle books. In the first book A Ace of Earthsea we undergo the approaching of age of a immature adult male named Ged. This immature adult female coming of age and following her fate to do the human race right can also be establish in the currently popular Golden Compass books the first of which is now a major movement picture.

The heroine have taken her rightful topographic point in the human race of epic poem phantasy and there are now tons of fantastic plant out there that research the challenges of our human race and other human races from the position of a adult female who is more than than just a demoiselle in hurt but a individual ready and capable of taking up a blade to confront her destiny.

Pop Art - From Soup Cans to Marilyn Monroe

Pop fine fine art is one of the most well-known and absorbing art motions in the twentieth century. Dad fine art was first and first a commentary on popular civilization and the mass media. The dad fine fine art audience was typically immature and glamorous.

The methods used to bring forth dad art were low-cost and the consequences were mass-produced. The topics were urban and artificial, often based on magazines, amusing books, television images, hoardings and newspaper ads. For dad artists, disposable refuse and street debris represented society's unconscious, a regular hoarded wealth treasure trove of option realities. Indeed, dad people created their ain version of contorted world engineered with ocular puns.

The subject of engineering and the machine also played a portion in dad art, especially in the work of Andy Worhol (1928-1987). Worhol's Campbell's Soup Cans and his Marilyn Marilyn Monroe Diptych, both of 1962, mimicked the advertisement industry and the repetitious printing of tireless machines. Worhol claimed pointedly that he wanted "to be a machine" and his gimmicky humor was large concern for a short while.

Another dad artist, Jasper Johns, took familiar symbols such as as flags, targets, and maps and gave them multiple degrees of significance through texture, stenciled words and Numbers and other ocular manipulations. Jasper Johns was celebrated for incorporating a assortment of mass media in his work such as as encaustic wax and plaster relief.

Artists like Henry Martin Robert Rauschenberg, Godhead of the well-known goat-in-a-tire Monogram (1955-9), made sculptural combinations of different physical objects and stuffs that were clearly unlike traditional rock sculpture in either technique or subject matter. Rauschenberg's "combines" were thoughtful and provocative, but not beautiful. He was not attempting to carry through the traditional edict to glorify or immortalize man. Instead, Rauschenberg brought forbidden subjects such as as homosexualism to the head in a humorously expressed way.

Although criticized vehemently as hard to understand and highly intellectual, dad fine fine art stays one of the most influential motions in the many-faceted history of modern art. The accent on the ego and the struggle between traditional idealism and the sometimes unsightly mental images of man's emotional and psychological worlds were played out in full position for all to see.

Spirit Of Southern Hospitality - Alive And Well Or Gone With The Wind?

What makes it intend to be 'southern' or a 'southerner'? That inquiry was posed to me last nighttime via electronic mail from my good friend, Greg, who is originally from New House Of York but relocated to Capital Of Georgia respective old age ago. Rather than reply him directly I responded to his electronic mail with the same question, "What make YOU believe it intends to be considered 'southern(er)'?" My alias, 'The Spirited Southerner," is what initially sparked his question, but since he is a adult male of colour from the great state of New York, I was funny if his reading of the term/s carried a positive intension or otherwise.

My friend, Greg informed me his father is from Lake Hartwell, Empire State Of The South and his female parent is from North Carolina. His household traveled to his parents' hometowns often through the old age so the South was not 'new' to him. In fact, he shared early memories of the area. He recalled the state supplies with the screened doors, and drive down the two-lane roadstead where people would moving ridge from their presence porches, whether they knew you or not. His early feelings were that the folks down South were polite and friendly, open, very trusting, and very laid back. He was born in New House Of York but actually moved to Capital Of Georgia from Old Dominion twenty old age ago. Since becoming an Capital Of Georgia occupant he came to recognize two things of 'modern day' south. #1: Most of the people who are here now are from everywhere else BUT the south, so everyone is not as hospitable as he remembers. #2: Some of the Southerners who were born here are not as openly hospitable because they're more than aware of the southern "transplants" that brought their more reserved civilizations with them when they moved here. Southerners are still very forgiving folks, but to a certain extent unforgiving, which is a softer manner of saying resentful of the past. He also shared with me that shortly after moving to Capital Of Empire State Of The South back in 1986, he had a concern assignment in Gainesville, Georgia. This was shortly after Oprah Winfrey had aired a show where she visited Forsyth County's metropolis of Cumming, GA. Inch order to attain his finish he had no other pick but thrust through Cumming and he was very wary of doing so. He made it a point to finish his concern in order to acquire back on the route well "before the sun went down." When asked if he experiences 'at home' in Capital Of Georgia now, Greg's response was "Absolutely. I really lose it when I travel back to Old Dominion or New House Of York and I'm always apprehensive to go back place to the southern hospitality. I just wish it was more than than of it still around."

As a indigen of Atlanta, Empire State Of The South for slightly more than 59 old age now I have got seen the South and 'southerners' alteration in many ways, while remaining the same in just as many others. But what represents the 'south'? The division of the North and the South began when two surveyors, Prince Charles George Mason and Jeremiah Dixon, mapped out what is known as the celebrated Mason-Dixon Line. It was surveyed almost 2 ½ centuries ago between 1763 and 1767 in the declaration of a boundary line difference in colonial North America. However, it is most commonly associated with the division between the northern "free states" and southern "slave states" during the American Civil War-era, almost 1 ½ centuries in the past.

After the Civil War, the Mason-Dixon Line continued to be thought of as a cultural bounds regarding literacy, fiscal and industrial development, as well as societal advancement and racial integration. Well into the 21st Century we still mention to ourselves as 'northerners' or 'southerners'. With northerners' nicknamed 'Yankees', I retrieve my uncle explaining "the difference between a Northerner and a Damn Northerner is that Yankees just visit, while Damn Yankees move here for good." It's not adequate that we have got got racial, age and social class favoritisms and strife in this country-we have regional divisions, as well.

While attending my book-signings and public events I am always surrounded by a multiplicity of accents. There are foreign speech patterns from every state on the planet, just as there are obvious northern and of course, southern accents. While some northern speech patterns may look rough or abrupt, bordering on loud and abrasive, there are some southern speech patterns with the long drawl considered by many as irritating and less than literate. The Northerners do merriment of the southern speech patterns while the Southerners copy their northern counterparts. Whenever there is a film with southern fictional characters they almost always are certain to 'over-play' the drawl, such as that it gratings on a true southerner's ear-drums, kindred to nails scratching on the blackboard.

In a recent opinion poll conducted on the website of Atlanta, Georgia's Robert Fulton High School Alumni, the responses were varied yet similar to the question:
"what makes it intend to be southern or a southerner?" For instance, Jean, who was born and raised in the south, spent 2 old age in Boston. Even though they made merriment of her every clip she opened her mouth, she always tried to demo them southern appeal and respect. Jean believes being southern agency showing regard for everyone, especially elders, saying "Yes mam/sir" and "No mam/sir," and gap a door for others, especially ladies and seniors, which she states she never saw in Boston. Jean went on to depict being southern as smiling at others and saying, "hello,"-being friendly--even to strangers, and expressing grasp by saying, "thank you." During her stay in Hub Of The Universe she said folks just didn't smile and Heaven forbid if she asked directions. On the lighter side, she shared her thought of "southern" as chilled tea and Lord'S Day dinner, household disbursement clip together and taking attention of one another, helping friends and neighbors, especially when they are having difficult times. And she adds, "Southern used to intend a small slower gait in life-I'm not so certain that is the lawsuit now, though." She closed with saying, "Being southern is a good feeling in your bosom that I almost lost in Boston."

Another response to the opinion poll was from Frank, who is also southern by birth. He states a Southerner basks all 4 seasons of the year, from the oppressive heat energy and humidness to the celebrated water ice violent storms that tin paralyze a metropolis for days. And of course, it intends running to the shop to purchase milk and breadstuff anytime a weather condition study even adverts snow.

He further sees a Southerner as being tolerant of others, always polite and respectful. He depicts a true southern adult male as "a gentleman who still throws a door for a woman, even in this twenty-four hours of feminist movements." He adds, "A true southern adult female still accepts little favors, such as as a adult male gap a door for them, without thought the worst."

Mark Pollard is a well-recognized historiographer among the alumnae, and his cognition of the Civil War and southern history is amazing. His response was so profoundly written, "We may go forth the South to study, hunt for love, gain a living, seek escapade or opportunities, but a true Southerner always tax returns home, even if it's only in a long box. As anyone who dwells in the South can state you, it is a topographic point of extremes and contradictions: we are known for our friendliness, but remembered for the Civil War, often thought of as hicks, but manufacturers of bucket-loads of presidents, senators and solid warriors. The South looks to enjoy life a spot more than the remainder of the country. I cognize that Moonlight is not something in the sky but out of a George Mason jar and I cognize that all good Southerners have got got got a hound domestic dog dog in heaven."

Yet another response came from Billy, obviously as proud a Southerner you'd ever meet, who said in no unsure terms, and I quote, "Being Southern is by the Grace of God."

For the most part, these responses could easily be summed up by the ill-famed term "Southern Hospitality." That's the term used to depict the echt graciousness and sense of welcoming that Southerners widen to "folks who aren't from around their cervix of the woods." Being gracious is making aliens experience comfy while respectful of their rights to have opinions, and without causing a "ruckus," even when a few plumes may have been ruffled. Cordial Reception and manners travel hand-in-hand, and while it is possible to larn those traits as adults, they're most easily instilled in children when raised to handle others with respect. That tin be accomplished anywhere...not just the south. However, the true Southern Spirit of Cordial Reception only dwells as long as we maintain breathing life into it through our actions. That tin only be accomplished by setting good illustrations for the many who are now "Southern by Choice," having relocated here from other countries of the country...and the world.

There is one certain fire manner to state whether person is truly southern at heart, and that is to offer them a large heaping bowl of buttered 'grits,' 'crackling cornbread,' or a 'banana sandwich'. If their upper lip curls, the opportunities are they're not southern by birth. But give them a chance-these dishes native to the southern part can quickly go an acquired taste. Cordial Reception can rub off, and given enough time, so can the drawl, as in "Yaw'll come up back now, ya hear?"

The Death of Popular Fiction Writer Cyprian Ekwensi is a Big Loss to African Literature

Cyprian Ekwensi (September 26, 1921 - November 4, 2007), 1 of the expansive old work force of African fiction-and one of the few who made the passage from Onitsha-market-pamphlet-fiction writers to one with at least something of an international reputation-has passed away. So The Literary Barroom announced the decease of this African literary icon who died Lord'S Day 4th of November in Enugu at the age of 86. dark drop again in the Nigerian literary celestial sphere .. when veteran soldier novelist, druggist and public commentator, Prostitute Ekwensi passed on. He was 86 old age old. So did another Lagos-based paper The Defender denote this sad event.

The writer of the popular Jagua Nana series of novels as reported died at the Niger River Foundation in Enugu where he underwent an operation for an unrevealed ailment. It was not clear if he died during or after the operation.

He is believed to be the writer of the earlier published fiction on societal life in the Lagos City with his down-to-earth style of authorship and his fecund output, with over 20 novels to his credit. Ekwensi thus became famed as the ascendant of the metropolis novel, which stressed ample verbal description of the venue with a largely episodic style drawn perhaps from his pamphleteering.

For Ekwensi's widow, Chinwe, the decease of her hubby is a daze she may have got to dwell with the remainder of her life. Wearing dark spectacles and sitting at a corner in the broad sitting room, she narrated how she had driven her late hubby the former hebdomad to the Niger River Foundation Hospital for a bank check up no knowing that he was going to be admitted. Although she could not confirm, whether her hubby underwent a surgery at the hospital, she stated however that, his wellness kept deteriorating by the day.

Mrs. Ekwensi, who is in her late 60's added that she cut short her see overseas after disbursement two hebdomads to wing him from Lagos back to Enugu, adding that in the last 1 month, they had regularly visited the hospital. "Since we left Lagos, we have got not rested. It is from one thing to another ...", she said.

Mrs. Ekwensi, who reeled in waistline hurting as she told her story, disclosed that the striving increased during their long years at the hospital, while attending to her husband. "The infirmary bench became my bed," she grimaced. adding that her husband's status remained critical until his death. The deceased's eldest son, Saint George who flew in from the U.S. when he learnt about his father's ailment, have begun audiences with dealings and noteworthy natives of Anambra State on entombment plans.

Speaking with the Daily Sun, the novelist's son, Ike, confirmed the household meeting, but noted that his father's entombment would not be determined by household members only, considering his outstanding parts to national development.

Ekwensi was owed for an awarding in Lagos, on November 16. He had left Lagos in good spirit a calendar month ago with the hope of picking the awarding later not knowing that he would not do it, a relation, said at the Ekwensi's place on 141, Ojuelegba Road, Lagos.

Following the decease of this celebrated novelist and public commentator, the Anambra State Governor, Mr. Simon Peter Obi, vertex Igbo socio-cultural organization, past and present governors, curates of government, authors and All Progressive Thousand Alliance have got expressed daze over his demise.

They described Ekwensi's decease as a great loss to Federal Republic Of Nigeria and the full literary world. Factional President-General of Ohanaeze, Dozie Ikedife, said a great Igbo boy had departed, stressing that he left enviable bequests that would endure for coevals to come. "It is a pity. He is one of the top writers of our time. He have been around for sometime....Nigerians and the full literary human race will definitely lose him. .," he said. Ikedife urged the household to bear the loss with fortitude, trusting in Supreme Being and believing that he had contributed his best to authorship and societal engineering.

The governor said Ekwensi's decease have created a spread in the state and in the literary human race and made self-assurances that the state authorities would fully take part in the entombment arrangements. Being a traditional head and titleholder, Ekwensi's household will first ran into before officially communicating the news of his passing play to the government.

In his tribute, the National President of the All Progressives Thousand Alliance Head Victor Umeh said Ekwensi's decease have got robbed Nigeria, of one of the top literary heads to have passed through the land. He observed that his plant had contributed immensely to the development of literature in Nigeria, adding that he would be greatly missed by all Nigerians.

Former Health Minister, Professor A.B.C Nwosu recalling that the late literary icon who had started life as a pharmacist, played a important function in the obliteration of the then dreaded guinea worm disease in old Anambra state as president of the state Health Management Board at the clip when he (Nwosu) was Commissioner for Health said he would happen it hard to mention to Ekwensi in the past tense, having go used to his resourcefulness as both a author and administrator.

"It is a awful blow. He gave me the motto 'Get quit of guinea worm' when he was president Anambra State Health Management Board and I was Commissioner for Health under the late Emeka Omeruah. We traversed the whole of Abakaliki country in the pursuit to kick out guinea worm. He helped me acquire finances from Japanese Islands to finance the project. We both received former American President Jimmy Carter. A mulct adult male with a mulct mind. ." Nwosu added.

Former Governor of Old Anambra State, Head Christian Onoh also described Ekwensi's death as a large blow to the literary world. Onoh, among the first set of people that paid a understanding visit to the Hill position Crescent, Independence layout, Enugu abode of the late fecund writer, said that, the news came to him with ill-mannered shock, expressing discouragement that Ekwensi could decease at a clip when according to him, " we necessitate him around to reform our education".

Clad in achromatic lace, the older statesman, said he was however consoled by the fact that the late Ekwensi never wasted his clip on earth, adding that his parts to the literary human race would dwell forever. He said that, Ekwensi who authored many literary books, lived and died for authorship and drawn-out his understandings to the Nigerian literary human race as well as the full South East.

The Curate of Information, Mister Toilet Odey described the late "Ekwensi as a great subscriber to the integrity of Federal Soldier Republic Of Nigeria and the development of literary instruction in the country".

The message reads: "the Federal Government received the news of the sudden decease of a outstanding citizen of your state and a reputable literary icon of this country, Head Prostitute Ekwensi, with sadness. "I am particularly touched by his decease because of his having served as a staff of my ministry where he rose to go a Director".

Reacting to the decease of the novelist, National President, Association of Nigerian Authors (ANA), Dr. Wale Okediran, said, "his death, though at a mature age, marked the end of a tradition of narrative telling. As a author of popular fiction, pod was a natural narrator whose plant were both accessible and entertaining."

Okediran, who described the late Ekwensi as his instructor in the popular literature genre, said a construction in the projected Ana small town in Capital Of Nigeria would be named after him as portion of ANA's program to immortalise him, adding that Ana would join forces with the Nigerian arm of PEN, a planetary association of writers, to do available, a docudrama made on Ekwensi to all Nigerians.

A former Ana President Professor Obafemi, on his part, said "Ekwensi's loss is the loss of a cardinal designer of modern Nigerian literature and the first to carve a national fictional character for Nigerian fiction. He was one of those who erected the canon and pillars of popular fiction in Nigeria. His decease have taken away an hereditary voice in the Nigerian originative cosmos."

Professor Olu Obafemi described the late author as a cardinal figure in the constitution of what is now known as Nigerian literature. According to Obafemi, Ekwensi would forever be remembered as one of the oldest authors of the English look who kept and gave national fictional character to Nigerian literature. "Ekwensi's death" he said " is a major want to Nigerian literature. He was one of the major designers of modern Nigerian literature, who, as early as in the 1950s and 1960s, began to compose about issues and events beyond his ethnical background.

Speaking on the decease of the novelist in Lagos, the helper General Secretary of ANA, Mister Hyacinth Obunseh, described Ekwensi's decease as unfortunate. Obunseh said that the literary community and indeed the human race would lose him especially, his curious style of writing. "Ekwensi's ingenious and descriptive powerfulness will be greatly missed," Obunseh said.. He, however, regretted that the late literary giant did not dwell long adequate to finish his autobiography.

A writer, Fred Uzo, expressed the hope that Federal Republic Of Nigeria would "give him the honor that is owed to a scholar, a author and a humanistic of his stature.".

Earlier this year, Ekwensi released Cash on Delivery, a aggregation of short stories, which turned out to be his last book. When he turned 86 last year, the Association of Nigerian Authors (ANA), Lagos State chapter and the Committee for Relevant Humanistic Discipline (CORA), feted him.

Ekwensi was famed as the forefather of the metropolis novel. He is believed to be the writer of the earlier published fiction on societal life in the Lagos Metropolis. The complete novelist is singular for his down-to-earth style of authorship and his fecund output, with over 20 novels to his credit.

Told of the passing play on of Ekwensi, poet and past president of ANA, Odia Ofeimu, was "shocked beyond words" to notice immediately.To the newly elected Lagos State Ana chairman, Mr. Chike Ofili, it was an formidable piece of information. He too withheld his remarks till later. When news of the decease broke out Nigerian writers were rounding off their annual convention held in Owerri, International Maritime Organization State.

Cyprian Odiatu Duaka Ekwensi was born at Minna in Northern Federal Republic Of Nigeria on September 26, 1921 to Ogbuefi Saint David Duaka and Uso Agnes Ekwensi. He later lived in Onitsha in the Eastern area.. Helium was educated at Government School, Jos, Government College, Ibadan; Higher College, Yaba in Lagos, Achimota College, Ghana, in lbadan University where he earned his B.A

He studied forestry and worked for two old age as a forestry officer. He also taught scientific discipline and worked for Radio Federal Republic Of Nigeria before entering the Lagos School of Pharmacy which led him on to the University of Greater London where he continued his surveys at the Chelsea School of Pharmacy It was during this time period that he wrote his earlier fiction Ikolo the Wrestler and Other Tales and When Love Whispers both of which were published in 1947. He also participated in an international authorship programme in. University of Iowa, USA.

He lectured in pharmaceutics at Lagos and was employed as a druggist by the Nigerian Checkup Corporation. After advantageous response of his early writing, Ekwensi joined the Nigerian Ministry for Information and rose to becoming the manager of information by the clip of the first military coup d'etat in 1966. The continuing perturbations in the Western and Northern parts in the summertime of 1966, may have got led Ekwensi to give up his place and relocate his household at Enugu. There he became president of the Agency for External Promotion in Biafra and an advisor to the caput of state, Col. Odumegwu Ojukwu.

Reputed to be the dean of Nigeria's modern literature, Ekwensi began his authorship calling as a pamphleteer a fact which is clearly reflected in the episodic nature of his novels. This inclination is well illustrated by People of the City (1954), in which Ekwensi gave a vivacious portrait of life in a Occident African city. It was the first major novel to be published by a Nigerian. Two novelettes for children followed in 1960; both The Drummer Male Child and The Pass of Mallam Ilia which were exercisings in blending traditional subjects with undisguised romanticism.

Ekwensi's most widely read novel, Jagua Nana,which appeared in 1961.returned to the venue of People of the City but boasted a much more than cohesive secret plan centered on the fictional character of Jagua, a concubine who had a love for the expensive. Even her name was a corruptness of the expensive English automobile. Her life personalized the struggle between the old traditional and modern urban Africa. Ekwensi published a subsequence in 1987 titled Jagua Nana's Daughter. Ekwensi stressed verbal description of the venue and his episodic style was particularly well suited to the short story.

Burning Grass (1961) is basically a aggregation of sketches about a Fulah household through which Ekwensi gives penetration into the life of this pastorale people. Ekwensi based the novel and the fictional characters on a existent household with whom he had previously live. Between 1961 and 1966 Ekwensi published at least one major work every year. The most of import were, Beautiful Feathers (1963) and Iska (1966), and two aggregations of short stories, Rainmaker (1965) and Lokotown (1966). Ekwensi continued to print beyond the 1960s, with the novel Divided We Stand (1980) in which he lampooned the Nigerian civil war, the novelette Motherless Baby (1980), and The Fidgety City and Christmas Gold (1975), Behind the Convent Wall (1987), and Gone to Mecca (1991). His work, Divided We Stand (1980), , is slated for treatment by literary experts in a conference on 40 old age after the civil war.

Ekwensi also published a figure plant for children. Under the name C. O. D. Ekwensi, he released Ikolo the Wrestler and Other Ibo Tales (1947) and The Leopard's Claw (1950). In the 1960s, he wrote An African Night's Entertainment (1962), The Great Elephant-Bird (1965), and Trouble in Form Six (1966). Ekwensi's future plant for children include Coal Camp Male Child (1971), Samankwe in the Strange Forest (1973), Samankwe and the Highway Robbers (1975), Masquerade Time! (1992), and King Forever! (1992). In acknowledgment of his accomplishments as a writer, Ekwensi was awarded the Dekagram Dag Hammarskjold International Prize for Literary Merit in 1969.

Looking at the Wooden Log Cabin Preserved in The Underground Railroad Freedom Center

Various artifacts, narratives and a 12 minute movie follow America's battle from the earlier beginnings of bondage through the Civil War unto Reconstruction after the attainment of freedom at the Belowground Railway Freedom Center.

One of the most memorable exhibits is the wooden log cabin preserved and restored within the centre to stand for a principal instrument of dehumanizing the achromatic race with more than than 75 slaves usually stacked on the limited flooring space and above in particular racks to which they were shackled and enchained thus forced to eat and defecate right there.

This construction was an existent 1 establish on a Bluegrass State farm in George Mason County which was moved from there and rebuilt in the Freedom Center. It now predominates the second-floor atrium where visitants brush it again and again while traversing the other exhibits. It could also be seen through the Center's big windows from the business district street outside.

Slaves were temporarily housed there on their manner South to be resold.This Twenty-One by 30 ft (6 by 9m), two-story corduroy slave pen built in 1830 was used to house slaves being shipped to be auctioned.

An original characteristic of the Slave Pen is a bond ring in the 2nd flooring joist, which was being used to procure male slaves.

The pen is said to have got been originally owned by Captain Toilet Anderson, a Revolutionist War soldier who became a slave trader. He was particularly known for his acute concern sense observation time.and other statuses that could heighten or destroy his opportunities for a good profit. He would always measure the possible market, his investings and deal-making and the elaboratenesses of gathering, holding, transporting and merchandising slaves at the slave marketplaces in Natchez, Mississippi River River before making a plunge.

Slaves waiting to be transported from Dover, Bluegrass State to slave marketplaces in Natchez, Mississippi and New Orleans, Pelican State were imprisoned in this barn for a few years or respective months, waiting for advantageous marketplace statuses and higher merchandising terms to prevail.

The barn have eight little windows, the original rock flooring from a big chimney and a fireplace. There is a row of wrought Fe rings through which a cardinal concatenation ran, tethering work force on either side of the chain. Male slaves were held on the 2nd floor, while women remained on the first flooring where they used the hearth for cooking.

"The pen is powerful," Carl B. Westmoreland, conservator and senior advisor to the museum said. "It have the feeling of sacred ground. When people stand up inside, they talk in whispers. It is a sacred place. I believe it is here to state a narrative - the narrative of the internal slave trade to future generations." Visitors to the museum walking through the retention pen and touching its walls, as we did when 17 of us from different parts of the human race visited it.. Taken from records kept by slave bargainers in the country who used the pen, the first name calling of some of the slaves believed to have got been held in the pen are listed on a wooden slab in the pen's interior.

Westmoreland spent three and a one-half old age uncovering the narrative of the slave jail. "We're just beginning to remember. There is a concealed history right below the surface, portion of the unspoken vocabulary of the American historical landscape. It's nothing but a heap of logs, yet it is everything."

Other outstanding characteristics of the Center include:

• The "Suite for Freedom" Theater where three animated movies computer address the delicate nature of freedom throughout human history, particularly as related to to the Belowground Railway and the establishment of bondage in the United States.

• The "ESCAPE! Freedom Seekers" presentation and synergistic show about the Belowground Railway where school groupings and households with immature children are presented with picks on an fanciful flight attempt. The gallery characteristics information about figs like emancipationist William Harold Lloyd Garrison, Belowground Railway music director Harriet Tubman. and speechmaker Frederick Frederick Douglass ˜Escape Freedom Seekers and ˜The Underground Railway is an challenging and inviting hands-on synergistic experience designed particularly for children and households encouraging them to research this troubled time period of American history. The centre is almost transformed to a school as narratives of people and households involved in fighting against bondage are being told.

• The film, "Brothers of the Borderland," highlighting the narrative of the Belowground Railway in Ripley, Buckeye State along the Buckeye State River and the functions of music directors Toilet Charlie Charlie Parker and Clergyman Toilet Rankin.

• Information about the history of bondage and those who opposed it, including Toilet Brown, Abraham Abraham Lincoln and the American Civil War.

• "The Struggle Continues," an exhibit depicting the in progress challenges confronted by African-Americans since the end of slavery, in progress battles for freedom in today's world, and ways that the Belowground Railway have inspired groupings in India, Republic Of Poland and South Africa.

• The Toilet Parker Library which houses a aggregation of multimedia system stuffs about the Belowground Railway and freedom-related issues.

• The FamilySearch Center where visitants can look into their ain roots.

The Freedom Center's Executive Director and CEO, Herbert Spencer Crew, was previously the manager of the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History.

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